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RADIO INFORMATION
How the Call CQ was born
The telegraph call CQ was born on the English Telegraph nearly a century ago as a signal meaning All stations. A notification to all postal telegraph offices to receive the message." Its meaning was close to the present meanings of QNC and QST. Like many other telegraph terms which originated on the landlines, CQ was brought over into radio and used as a general call to all ships by the Marconi Company. Other companies used KA until the London Convention of 1912 which adopted CQ as
the international general call or "attention" signal. CQ still means, literally, "attention"
The new CB enforcement law!
President Signs CB Enforcement Bill source : www.arrl.org NEWINGTON, CT, Nov 29, 2000--President Bill Clinton has signed legislation that permits the enforcement of certain FCC Citizens Band regulations by state and local governments. Amateur Radio operators are exempt from the provisions of the law, now PL 106-521.
Congressional lawmakers saw the measure as a way to give a voice to those experiencing radio frequency interference resulting from illegal CB radio operation. The FCC will not yield its authority to regulate Citizens Band or other radio services, however.
In short, the measure authorizes states and localities to enact laws that prohibit the use of unauthorized CB equipment--consistent with FCC regulations. This would include the use of high-power linear amplifiers or equipment that was not FCC-certificated (formerly called "type-accepted").
Specifically, the bill enables state or local regulation over the "use of Citizens Band radio equipment not authorized by the Commission" and "the unauthorized operation of Citizens Band radio equipment" between 24 and 35 MHz. FCC-licensed stations in any radio service--including the Amateur Service--are excluded from such state or local enforcement, and state or local laws enacted under this legislation must identify this exemption.
Anyone affected by the enforcement of such legislation could appeal to the FCC if they believed the state or local government had overstepped its authority under the new law. Any applicable state or local law would not preclude the FCC from enforcing regulations in a given case at the same time.
The new law also says the FCC shall "provide technical guidance to state and local governments regarding the detection and determination of violations" of any regulations localities might enact.
The bill--HR.2346 is the House version; it was S.2767 in the Senate--actually is the old Senate "Feingold bill" from several sessions ago. After introducing his original version a few years back, Wisconsin Sen Russell Feingold requested assistance from the ARRL to rewrite the measure to ensure that licensed hams could not be affected, that the bill featured a wealth of "due process" provisions, and that the concept of federal preemption over telecommunication activities wouldn't be compromised. The bill signed by the President is nearly identical to the Feingold bill.
The bill's sponsor, Rep Vernon Ehlers of Michigan said Amateur Radio operators encouraged him to introduce the measure in the House last year. Ehlers maintained that the local hams asked him to support the bill because of the bad rap they were getting from illegal CBers using high-power linear amplifiers that resulted in TV and telephone interference while the CBers involved hid behind federal preemption.
Ehlers says that when he was contacted initially by a frustrated constituent who had been experiencing TV, radio and cordless telephone interference, he thought the problem was an isolated incident. The CBer in question was using an illegal 100-W amplifier, he said, and the FCC told his constituent that it did not have the personnel to enforce CB lawbreakers around the country. Ehlers says he introduced his bill as a result.
As did Feingold before him, Ehlers asked the ARRL to review his measure to ensure that it would not unintentionally harm Amateur Radio.
The bill was amended in the Senate, which made a specific change requested by the American Trucking Association. The final version contains language with respect to CB gear aboard a "commercial motor vehicle" (as defined in Title 49, §31101 of the US Code) requiring that state or local authorities have probable cause that the vehicle or its operator was in violation of the regulations before they attempt to enforce such a statute. On the House floor, Ehlers said truckers were "worried about perhaps being harassed by improper use of the law."
During discussion of the bill on the House floor--as reported in The Federal Register--one member spoke of "rogue operators" whose routine CB radio operation at excessive power levels left victims "helpless" to defend themselves. "When these operators boost their CB power levels, it often causes bleeding into nearby frequencies," the congressman said.
The bill passed the House under suspension in September, and passed the Senate at the end of October under unanimous consent. The measure went to President Clinton for his signature on November 14.
A copy of the new legislation is available on the ARRLWeb.
ABOUT RADIO
Antennas
Radio Transmission
Wireless Microphones
Radio Reception
Answers to Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about international shortwave broadcasting and necessary equipment for listeners
Radio Applications, Events, Sounds
Instructional
"About Free Band Radio "
CB Radio free band is the use of frequencies or channels in the 11 meter frequency spectrum that are not designated to the CB Radio Service. They include "private" channels, club call channels, and even for attempting long distance DX contacts.
All freeband frequencies run from 26.000 MHz up to channel 1, 26.965 MHz, and from above channel 40, 27.405 MHz, to the 10 Meter ham band, 28.000 MHz.
It is not uncommon to hear many stations from around the world on these frequencies when high sunspot cycles take place! Most CB operators are attempting to communicate with stations in another state or another country.Some CB groups and clubs support these activities. It is a violation of FCC rules to operate on these freeband frequencies!
So why do so many do it?
The reason is that the legal 40 CB channels can be so over crowded that it is all most impossible to communicate. Many have taken to these freeband frequencies to communicate with others and to enjoy a great DX, and most others just have a thrill simply from using frequencies in violation of FCC rules to operate so, it is a very popular activity regardless.
The reason for unauthorized frequency operation is that countries other than the US are authorized on frequencies outside the 26.965 to 27.405 MHz US allocation. Most operators enjoy DX contacts with CB'ers operating from other countries and find it necessary to transmit on these frequencies.
So how do CB operators avoid problems with the FCC?
The best way would be not to use excessive power. Also keep your conversations civil without profanity or other rudeness. Avoid frequencies that are used by legitimate operators like the ones listed below in this table. Interference to legitimate users will attract the FCC's attention.
-----------WARNING-------------
Frequencies you should not use
in the United states
25.100 - 26.670 MHz.....Frequencies are used by Broadcast Remotes
26.620 MHz..... Civil Air Patrol frequency for search and rescue.
26.800 MHz..... Military and Border Patrol.
26.945 MHz..... FAA
27.575 and 27.585 MHz..... FCC, Coast Guard, FAA and just about every U.S. Government Agency for low powered communications.
27.720 MHz..... NASA and Air Force.
27.750 and 27.785 MHz.....US Navy and US Coast Guard.
27.870 MHz.....NASA and Air Force
27.900 MHz.....US Army and Navy operations.
27.980 MHz.....U.S. Coast Guard.
Disclaimer
The information provided within this page are strictly for informational purposes only. Much of the information provided can lead to illegal operational status on an 11 meter station. Those who choose to modify their stations do so at their own risk and with the knowledge that the modifications will void the radio warranty and will make it illegal to operate the unit
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